The main differences are the ingredients and techniques.
The sugar paste that is used for hair removal is made of sugar, lemon and water. It’s all-natural and chemical-free. Wax is a blend of either polymers or resins. Sometimes organic, but not always .
Wax is applied on top of the hair, pushing the hair to the skin, in the direction of growth, and removed against the grain.
Sugar is scooped or molded up under the hair, into the direction of growth, and flicked off with the direction of growth.
They are opposite techniques.
The results should be the same. Hair is removed by the root with sugar and wax. In some cases, wax can create hair breakage because the hair is bent backward on itself to remove. This is never the case with sugar. Sugar removes hair in the direction of growth, so there is less chance of breakage